Which device adjusts the brake cylinder pressure based on train loading?

The variable load valve is responsible for adjusting the brake cylinder pressure based on the loading of the train. This device plays a critical role in ensuring effective braking performance, particularly as the load of the train changes. When a train is fully loaded, it requires a different application of brake pressure compared to when it is lightly loaded. The variable load valve enables the braking system to automatically adapt to these variations in weight, allowing for consistent stopping power and improved safety during operations.

By modulating the brake cylinder pressure as the load varies, the variable load valve helps maintain the optimal balance between braking effectiveness and control. This adaptation is essential for managing the dynamics of heavier versus lighter trains, allowing crew members to operate the train efficiently and safely regardless of its current loading conditions.